A hepatitis panel compares blood tests used to screen for hepatitis A, B, or C exposure and to answer specific questions about hepatitis B infection or immunity. Available options measure hepatitis A IgM or total antibody, hepatitis B surface antigen and antibodies, or hepatitis C antibody with reflex testing. Some also include ALT, AST, bilirubin, albumin, and total protein for hepatitis B disease monitoring. Start by deciding whether your concern is recent illness, hepatitis B status, hepatitis C screening, immunity history, or monitoring results alongside liver-related measurements.
What hepatitis blood markers are designed to answer
Hepatitis A IgM is used to screen for a recent immune response to hepatitis A, while hepatitis A total antibody reflects antibody status without separating a recent response from prior exposure or immunity. For hepatitis B, hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) is an infection-related screening marker. Hepatitis B core IgM helps assess a recent immune response, and hepatitis B surface antibody measures an antibody response relevant to immunity questions. Hepatitis C antibody screens for antibody evidence of exposure; a reflex testing pathway helps determine the next laboratory step when appropriate. These results need to be read together with symptoms, history, and professional clinical review when infection is a concern.
Why monitoring profiles include liver-related measurements
The Hepatitis B Disease Monitoring Profile measures HBsAg, hepatitis B core IgM, quantitative hepatitis B surface antibody, ALT, AST, alkaline phosphatase, total bilirubin, direct bilirubin, indirect bilirubin, albumin, globulin, total protein, and the albumin/globulin ratio. ALT and AST are enzymes associated with liver-cell injury but are not specific to hepatitis; strenuous exercise and muscle injury can also raise them. Bilirubin results help describe how bilirubin is distributed in blood. Albumin, globulin, and total protein add information about circulating proteins. Looking at these measurements together is more informative than treating one abnormal result as a diagnosis.
Selecting acute screening versus a focused question
The Hepatitis Panel Acute, w/ Ref Confirmation measures hepatitis A IgM, hepatitis B surface antigen, hepatitis B core IgM, and hepatitis C antibody, making it suited to a recent-illness screening question across these viruses. The Hepatitis B Profile instead centers on hepatitis B surface antigen, core IgM, and quantitative surface antibody, which separates an infection-related marker from an immunity-related antibody measurement. The Hepatitis C Antibody with Reflex starts with hepatitis C antibody screening and has a reflex pathway named in the test. A result alone does not diagnose hepatitis or establish the cause of symptoms, so prompt professional review matters for concerning symptoms or positive findings.