Understanding Lab Tests for Gynecomastia
Written by Private MD Labs Medical Writing Team • Last Updated: September 8, 2025
Gynecomastia is the enlargement or swelling of breast tissue in males, affecting up to 70% of adolescent boys and a significant percentage of adult men. This condition is primarily caused by hormonal imbalances, particularly elevated levels of estrogen relative to testosterone.
Top Recommended Test
Estradiol, Ultrasensitive, LC/MS/MS
This highly sensitive test specifically measures estradiol, the most potent form of estrogen. Elevated estradiol levels in males are a direct cause of gynecomastia, making this test crucial for pinpointing the specific estrogen component responsible for breast tissue development.
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The Role of Hormone Testing in Gynecomastia
While gynecomastia can be identified through physical examination, blood tests measuring specific hormone levels are essential for determining the underlying cause. Identifying hormonal imbalances helps healthcare providers develop appropriate treatment plans and rule out underlying medical conditions.
Other Relevant Tests
Estrogens (Total), Serum
This comprehensive test measures total estrogen levels in the blood. Since gynecomastia is primarily caused by hormonal imbalances, including elevated estrogen levels, this test helps identify if excess estrogen is contributing to the breast tissue enlargement in males.
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Understanding Your Results
Elevated estrogen or estradiol levels can indicate various underlying causes of gynecomastia, including medication side effects, liver disease, thyroid disorders, or tumors. Your healthcare provider will interpret these results alongside your medical history and physical examination to determine the most appropriate treatment approach.
Important Considerations
The information here is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Always consult with a healthcare provider for diagnosis and treatment of gynecomastia.
