Sample results
Bone marrow disorders and hemolytic anemia are serious blood conditions affecting blood cell production and survival. Bone marrow disorders occur when the bone marrow fails to produce healthy blood cells, while hemolytic anemia happens when red blood cells are destroyed faster than the bone marrow can replace them. The Complete Blood Count (CBC) with Differential is the most important test for diagnosis because it detects abnormal cell counts, immature nucleated red blood cells in circulation, and signs of accelerated cell destruction.
Bone marrow disorders are caused by genetic mutations, autoimmune attacks on blood-producing cells, exposure to toxic chemicals or radiation, certain medications, and cancers like leukemia or lymphoma that invade the bone marrow. Hemolytic anemia is caused by autoimmune conditions where antibodies attack red blood cells, inherited conditions like sickle cell disease or thalassemia, infections such as malaria, mechanical damage from artificial heart valves, or enzyme deficiencies like G6PD deficiency. Both conditions disrupt the normal balance of blood cell production and survival, leading to serious health complications.
The Complete Blood Count (CBC) with Differential and Platelets is the most important test for bone marrow disorders and hemolytic anemia because it reveals critical abnormalities in blood cell counts, types, and maturity. This test detects nucleated red blood cells circulating in your bloodstream, which normally stay inside the bone marrow and should never appear in peripheral blood. Finding these immature cells is a red flag for either severe bone marrow dysfunction or aggressive hemolytic anemia where the marrow is desperately releasing immature cells to compensate for rapid red blood cell destruction. The CBC also shows abnormal white blood cell counts, unusual platelet numbers, and changes in cell shapes that point to specific underlying problems.
You should get tested if you experience persistent fatigue that does not improve with rest, unusual bruising or bleeding without injury, frequent infections that keep coming back, pale skin or jaundice with yellowing of the eyes, shortness of breath during normal activities, or unexplained fevers. Get tested immediately if you notice dark urine, rapid heartbeat, dizziness, or severe weakness, as these indicate your condition may be worsening. People with family histories of blood disorders, those exposed to chemicals or radiation, or anyone with autoimmune conditions should get regular screening even without symptoms.
What this means
Your hemoglobin is slightly below the optimal range, indicating mild anemia. This means your blood isn't carrying quite enough oxygen to your body's tissues, which can explain feelings of fatigue, weakness, or occasional shortness of breath. With proper nutrition and possibly supplementation, this typically improves within a few months.
Recommended actions
Increase iron-rich foods like lean red meat, beans, lentils, and dark leafy greens
Pair iron sources with vitamin C foods (citrus, tomatoes, bell peppers) to boost absorption
Consider an iron supplement after consulting with your doctor about the right dosage
Retest in 8-12 weeks to monitor improvement after dietary changes
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