Understanding Lab Tests for Urinary Tract Infection
Written by Private MD Labs Medical Writing Team • Last Updated: September 8, 2025
A urinary tract infection (UTI) is a bacterial infection that affects any part of the urinary system, including the kidneys, bladder, ureters, and urethra. While symptoms like burning during urination and frequent urge to urinate can suggest a UTI, laboratory testing is essential for confirming the diagnosis and determining the appropriate treatment.
Top Recommended Test
Urinalysis, Complete Profile
This comprehensive urine test is the primary diagnostic tool for UTIs. It detects multiple indicators of infection including bacteria, leukocyte esterase (an enzyme from white blood cells), nitrites (produced by UTI-causing bacteria), increased white blood cells, and transitional epithelial cells that are shed due to inflammation in the urinary tract.
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Diagnosing Urinary Tract Infections
UTIs are primarily diagnosed through urine testing, which can directly detect the presence of bacteria, white blood cells, and other indicators of infection. Additional blood tests may be recommended to monitor complications or assess related health impacts, particularly in males where UTIs can affect prostate health.
Other Relevant Tests
Microalbumin, Random Urine with Creatinine
This test measures albumin levels in urine, which can be elevated during a UTI as the body releases more albumin to fight the infection. It helps assess kidney function and the body's inflammatory response to the infection.
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Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA) (MALES ONLY)
For males, UTIs can cause inflammation that leads to elevated PSA levels. This test helps monitor prostate health and inflammation associated with urinary tract infections. PSA levels typically return to normal once the infection is treated.
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Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA), Ultrasensitive, Post Prostatectomy (MALES ONLY)
This highly sensitive PSA test is particularly useful for males who have had prostate surgery, as UTIs can cause prostate inflammation and elevated PSA levels even in post-surgical cases.
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Understanding Your Test Results
A positive urinalysis showing bacteria, elevated white blood cells, or positive nitrites typically confirms a UTI diagnosis. In males, elevated PSA levels alongside UTI symptoms may indicate prostate involvement. Your healthcare provider will interpret these results in conjunction with your symptoms to determine the most appropriate antibiotic treatment.
Important Considerations
The information here is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Always consult with a healthcare provider for diagnosis and treatment of urinary tract infections.
