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Uric acid nephrolithiasis is a type of kidney stone disease where uric acid crystals form stones in the kidneys. It is caused by chronic dehydration, low urine pH, and elevated serum uric acid levels that lead to crystal precipitation. The Uric Acid Serum Test is the most important blood test for evaluating metabolic factors contributing to uric acid stone formation.
Uric acid kidney stones are caused by a combination of chronic dehydration, persistently low urine pH (acidic urine), and elevated uric acid levels in the blood and urine. When urine becomes too acidic and concentrated, uric acid crystals cannot dissolve properly and instead precipitate out to form stones in the kidneys. Additional risk factors include high-protein diets, certain metabolic disorders, gout, chemotherapy, and conditions that cause rapid cell turnover.
The Uric Acid Serum Test is the most important blood test for evaluating uric acid nephrolithiasis because it measures the amount of uric acid circulating in your bloodstream. Elevated serum uric acid levels indicate an increased risk for stone formation and help your healthcare provider determine if medication to lower uric acid is needed. While imaging studies like CT scans or ultrasounds diagnose the stones themselves, the serum uric acid test identifies the underlying metabolic cause and guides treatment decisions including dietary changes, hydration strategies, and medications like allopurinol or febuxostat to prevent future stone formation.
You should get tested if you experience severe flank or back pain, blood in your urine, frequent urination with burning or discomfort, nausea and vomiting, or if you have a history of kidney stones. Testing is especially important if you have gout, follow a high-protein diet, are undergoing chemotherapy, or have a family history of kidney stones. If you have already passed a uric acid stone, regular monitoring of serum uric acid levels helps prevent recurrence and allows your doctor to adjust treatment as needed.
What this means
Your uric acid level is elevated above the optimal range, which increases your risk of gout attacks and kidney stones. High levels mean uric acid crystals may be forming in your joints, potentially causing the pain and inflammation you might be experiencing. The therapeutic goal is to lower your level below 6 mg/dL to prevent crystal formation.
Recommended actions
Drink 8-10 glasses of water daily to help flush uric acid from your system
Limit high-purine foods like red meat, organ meats, shellfish, and alcohol (especially beer)
Include more low-fat dairy, vegetables, whole grains, and cherries in your diet
Retest in 2-3 months after implementing dietary changes
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