Understanding Lab Tests for Sickle Cell Trait
Written by Private MD Labs Medical Writing Team • Last Updated: September 8, 2025
Sickle cell trait is a genetic condition where an individual carries one copy of the gene mutation that causes sickle cell disease. People with sickle cell trait typically don't experience symptoms of sickle cell disease but can pass the genetic mutation to their children. A specific blood test is required to accurately identify this genetic carrier status.
Recommended Test
Sickle Cell Test
This test directly detects the presence of sickle cell hemoglobin (hemoglobin S) in the blood, which indicates sickle cell trait. The test can distinguish between normal hemoglobin and the altered hemoglobin that causes sickling, providing definitive identification of carrier status.
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Diagnosing Sickle Cell Trait
Since sickle cell trait usually doesn't cause symptoms, many people are unaware they carry the genetic mutation. Testing is essential for determining carrier status, especially for family planning purposes. If both parents carry the trait, there's a 25% chance their child could have sickle cell disease.
Who Should Consider Testing
Sickle cell trait is most common in people of African, Mediterranean, Middle Eastern, and South Asian ancestry. Testing is particularly important for couples planning to have children, as genetic counseling can help assess the risk of passing sickle cell disease to their offspring.
Important Considerations
The information here is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Always consult with a healthcare provider for diagnosis, genetic counseling, and family planning guidance.
