Understanding Lab Tests for Primary Immunodeficiency Disease
Written by Private MD Labs Medical Writing Team • Last Updated: September 8, 2025
Primary immunodeficiency diseases (PIDs) are a group of rare genetic disorders in which part of the body's immune system is missing or functions improperly. These conditions affect the body's ability to fight infections and may involve defects in antibody production, T-cell function, or other immune system components.
Recommended Test
Measles Antibody (IgG)
This test measures IgG antibodies against measles virus in the blood. Low levels or absence of measles antibodies following vaccination or previous infection could indicate a problem with the immune system's ability to produce protective antibodies, which may suggest a primary immunodeficiency disease where the immune system does not function properly.
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Diagnosing Primary Immunodeficiency Disease
Diagnosing primary immunodeficiency diseases requires specialized blood tests that evaluate how well the immune system is functioning. One important approach is measuring antibody responses to vaccines or previous infections, as inadequate antibody production can indicate an underlying immune defect.
Why Antibody Testing Matters
Testing for specific antibodies like measles IgG helps healthcare providers assess whether the immune system can mount an appropriate antibody response. This is particularly important in individuals with recurrent infections or suspected immune dysfunction, as it can reveal defects in B-cell function and antibody production that are characteristic of certain primary immunodeficiency diseases.
Important Considerations
The information here is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Primary immunodeficiency diseases require comprehensive evaluation by an immunologist or other qualified healthcare provider. Always consult with a healthcare professional for proper diagnosis and treatment.
