Understanding Lab Tests for Primary Biliary Cirrhosis (PBC)
Written by Private MD Labs Medical Writing Team • Last Updated: September 8, 2025
Primary Biliary Cirrhosis (PBC) is a chronic autoimmune liver disease that causes progressive destruction of the small bile ducts within the liver. This condition primarily affects women and can lead to scarring (fibrosis) and eventual liver failure if left untreated. Blood tests play a crucial role in diagnosing PBC and monitoring disease progression.
Recommended Test
Mitochondrial Antibody with Reflex to Titer
This test detects mitochondrial antibodies in the blood, which are commonly elevated in Primary Biliary Cirrhosis. High levels of these antibodies indicate an immune response against mitochondrial components, which is characteristic of this autoimmune liver condition. The reflex to titer provides additional quantitative information about antibody levels, helping to confirm the diagnosis and assess disease activity.
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Diagnosing Primary Biliary Cirrhosis
PBC is often diagnosed through a combination of clinical symptoms, blood test results, and sometimes imaging studies. The presence of specific antibodies in the blood is a key diagnostic marker, as these antibodies indicate an autoimmune process targeting the liver's bile ducts.
Understanding Your Test Results
Elevated mitochondrial antibodies, particularly anti-mitochondrial antibodies (AMA), are found in approximately 90-95% of people with PBC. A positive result, especially when combined with elevated liver enzymes and clinical symptoms, strongly supports a PBC diagnosis. The titer level helps determine the concentration of antibodies and may correlate with disease severity.
Important Considerations
The information here is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Always consult with a healthcare provider for diagnosis and treatment. Early detection and treatment of PBC can help slow disease progression and improve long-term outcomes.
