Polymyalgia rheumatica is an inflammatory condition that causes muscle pain and stiffness, particularly in the shoulders, neck, and hips. It is caused by immune system dysfunction that triggers widespread inflammation in the muscles and surrounding tissues. The Sedimentation Rate (ESR) test is the most important test for diagnosis because it measures inflammation levels that are characteristically elevated in this condition.
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Polymyalgia rheumatica is caused by immune system dysfunction that triggers widespread inflammation in the muscles and surrounding tissues. The exact trigger remains unknown, but researchers believe a combination of genetic predisposition and environmental factors may activate the immune response. This inflammatory process particularly affects the shoulder and hip girdle muscles, causing the characteristic pain and stiffness that typically worsens in the morning or after periods of rest.
The Sedimentation Rate (ESR) test is the most important test for polymyalgia rheumatica because it detects elevated inflammation levels that are characteristic of this condition. The ESR measures how quickly red blood cells settle in a test tube, with faster settling indicating higher inflammation in the body. Most people with polymyalgia rheumatica show significantly elevated ESR levels, typically above 40 mm/hour. This test is essential not only for supporting the initial diagnosis when combined with your symptoms, but also for monitoring how well your treatment is working, as ESR levels typically decrease as the condition improves with therapy.
You should get tested if you are over 50 years old and experience sudden onset of pain and stiffness in your shoulders, neck, or hips that is worse in the morning and lasts more than 30 minutes. You should also consider testing if you notice difficulty lifting your arms above your head, trouble getting out of bed or rising from a chair, or unexplained fatigue and low-grade fever accompanying muscle symptoms. Early testing is important because prompt treatment can quickly relieve symptoms and prevent complications, while untreated inflammation can lead to more serious issues like temporal arteritis affecting your vision.
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What this means
Your sed rate is elevated, which indicates there is active inflammation in your body. While this test doesn't pinpoint the exact cause, it suggests your body is responding to an infection, injury, or inflammatory condition that may need attention.
Recommended actions
Follow an anti-inflammatory diet with plenty of fruits, vegetables, and omega-3 rich fish
Ensure adequate rest and manage stress through relaxation techniques
Stay hydrated and consider reducing processed foods and sugar intake
Retest in 4-6 weeks to monitor inflammation levels and consult a doctor if levels remain elevated
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