Understanding Lab Tests for Neutropenia
Written by Private MD Labs Medical Writing Team • Last Updated: September 8, 2025
Neutropenia is a condition characterized by an abnormally low number of neutrophils, a type of white blood cell that plays a crucial role in fighting bacterial infections. This condition increases the risk of serious infections and requires accurate diagnosis through specific blood testing.
Recommended Test
Complete Blood Count / CBC (includes Differential and Platelets)
This comprehensive blood test directly measures neutrophil levels and calculates the absolute neutrophil count, which is the definitive method for diagnosing neutropenia. The CBC with differential provides detailed information about all types of white blood cells, allowing healthcare providers to identify low neutrophil levels that indicate neutropenia. This test also helps determine the underlying cause and assess the increased risk of infections associated with the condition.
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Diagnosing Neutropenia
Neutropenia is diagnosed through blood tests that measure the absolute neutrophil count (ANC). Since neutrophils are a type of white blood cell, a comprehensive blood test is essential to determine their levels and assess the severity of the condition. Early detection is important because neutropenia can result from various causes including infections, certain medications, chemotherapy, or bone marrow disorders.
Understanding Your Results
Normal neutrophil counts typically range from 1,500 to 8,000 cells per microliter of blood. Neutropenia is generally classified as mild (1,000-1,500 cells/μL), moderate (500-1,000 cells/μL), or severe (less than 500 cells/μL). The lower the neutrophil count, the higher the risk of developing serious bacterial infections.
Important Considerations
The information here is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Always consult with a healthcare provider for diagnosis and treatment. If neutropenia is confirmed, your doctor may recommend additional testing to identify the underlying cause and develop an appropriate treatment plan.
