Understanding Lab Tests for Neonatal Purpura Fulminans
Written by Private MD Labs Medical Writing Team • Last Updated: September 8, 2025
Neonatal purpura fulminans is a rare, life-threatening condition that affects newborns, characterized by extensive blood clotting (thrombosis) and severe skin necrosis. This serious disorder is primarily caused by severe deficiency of Protein C, a crucial blood protein that helps prevent excessive clotting.
Recommended Test
Protein C Activity
This test directly measures the functional activity of Protein C in the blood. In neonatal purpura fulminans, particularly in cases of homozygous Protein C deficiency, this test will show very low or undetectable levels of Protein C activity. This finding confirms the underlying cause of the severe clotting disorder and skin necrosis characteristic of this condition.
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Diagnosing Neonatal Purpura Fulminans
While the clinical presentation of purpura fulminans can be visually distinctive with its characteristic skin lesions, confirming the underlying cause requires specific blood testing. Laboratory diagnosis is essential to identify the Protein C deficiency that drives this condition and to guide appropriate treatment strategies.
Understanding the Connection
Protein C is a natural anticoagulant that helps regulate blood clotting. When severely deficient or absent, as in homozygous Protein C deficiency, the blood's ability to prevent excessive clotting is compromised. This leads to widespread thrombosis and the severe skin necrosis seen in neonatal purpura fulminans, making early diagnosis through blood testing critical for management.
Important Considerations
The information here is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Neonatal purpura fulminans is a medical emergency requiring immediate specialized care. Always consult with a healthcare provider for diagnosis and treatment.
