Miscarriage or fetal death is the loss of pregnancy before the fetus can survive outside the womb, typically before 20 weeks of gestation. Recurrent miscarriages are often caused by antiphospholipid syndrome, an autoimmune condition where cardiolipin antibodies attack blood vessels and create clots in placental circulation. The Cardiolipin Antibodies test is the most important test for diagnosis because it identifies the specific IgA, IgG, and IgM antibodies responsible for blood clotting disorders that lead to pregnancy loss.
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Recurrent miscarriages are most commonly caused by antiphospholipid syndrome, an autoimmune disorder where the body produces cardiolipin antibodies that attack phospholipids in blood vessel walls. These antibodies create abnormal blood clots in the tiny vessels of the placenta, cutting off oxygen and nutrients to the developing baby. Other causes include chromosomal abnormalities, uterine structural problems, hormonal imbalances like thyroid disorders or uncontrolled diabetes, and infections, but blood clotting disorders account for a significant portion of repeat pregnancy losses.
The Cardiolipin Antibodies test is the most important test for recurrent miscarriages because it detects the specific IgA, IgG, and IgM antibodies that cause blood clots in placental blood vessels. This test identifies antiphospholipid syndrome, a treatable autoimmune condition responsible for many second and third-trimester pregnancy losses. Elevated IgG and IgM cardiolipin antibodies are particularly significant because they directly indicate an increased clotting risk that can be managed with blood thinners and aspirin therapy during pregnancy. Early detection through this blood test allows your healthcare provider to develop a prevention plan that significantly improves the chances of carrying a pregnancy to term.
You should get tested if you have experienced two or more miscarriages, especially if any occurred after the first trimester when chromosomal issues are less likely. Testing is particularly important if you have a personal or family history of blood clots, autoimmune diseases like lupus, or unexplained fetal death in the second or third trimester. Many doctors also recommend testing after just one late pregnancy loss or if you are planning another pregnancy after multiple early losses, because identifying and treating clotting disorders before conception can prevent future heartbreak.
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What this means
Your cardiolipin IgG antibody level is elevated above the normal threshold. This result suggests your immune system is producing antibodies that may increase your risk for blood clots and could indicate antiphospholipid syndrome, especially if you have a history of clotting or pregnancy complications. A confirmatory retest in 12 weeks is recommended to determine if this elevation is persistent.
Recommended actions
Discuss with your doctor about blood-thinning medications if you have a history of clots or pregnancy loss
Stay well-hydrated and avoid prolonged periods of sitting or immobility
Inform all healthcare providers about this result before surgeries or long flights
Schedule confirmatory retesting in 12 weeks to assess persistence of elevated antibodies
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