Understanding Lab Tests for Lyme Arthritis
Written by Private MD Labs Medical Writing Team • Last Updated: September 8, 2025
Lyme arthritis is a late-stage manifestation of Lyme disease, caused by the bacterial infection Borrelia burgdorferi transmitted through tick bites. It typically presents as episodes of swelling and pain in one or more large joints, particularly the knee, and can occur months to years after the initial infection if left untreated.
Recommended Test
Lyme Disease Antibody with Reflex to Antibodies IGG & IGM Blot
This comprehensive test is essential for diagnosing Lyme arthritis as it detects antibodies produced by the immune system in response to Lyme disease bacteria. The test includes both initial screening and confirmatory testing (Western blot) for both IgG and IgM antibodies, providing the most reliable method to confirm that joint symptoms are related to untreated Lyme disease infection.
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Diagnosing Lyme Arthritis
Since joint symptoms can be caused by various conditions, confirming Lyme arthritis requires demonstrating evidence of Lyme disease infection through specialized blood testing. These tests detect antibodies that the immune system produces in response to the Lyme bacteria, providing crucial evidence for accurate diagnosis and appropriate antibiotic treatment.
Understanding the Connection
Lyme arthritis develops when Lyme disease bacteria spread to joint tissues, typically occurring in untreated cases. The characteristic pattern of intermittent swelling in large joints, especially the knees, combined with positive Lyme antibody testing, helps healthcare providers distinguish this condition from other forms of arthritis and implement appropriate antibiotic therapy.
Important Considerations
The information here is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Always consult with a healthcare provider for diagnosis and treatment. Early detection and treatment of Lyme disease can help prevent the development of Lyme arthritis and other late-stage complications.
