Understanding Lab Tests for Kidney Infection (Pyelonephritis)
Written by Private MD Labs Medical Writing Team • Last Updated: September 8, 2025
Kidney infection (pyelonephritis) is a serious type of urinary tract infection that affects one or both kidneys. It typically occurs when bacteria from the bladder travel up to the kidneys, causing inflammation and potentially serious complications if left untreated.
Recommended Test
Culture, Urine, Routine
This test is essential for diagnosing kidney infections as it identifies the specific bacteria causing the infection. Since kidney infections typically result from bacteria that have spread from the bladder to the kidneys, detecting and identifying these bacteria in the urine provides definitive confirmation of the infection and helps determine the most effective antibiotic treatment.
2907 reviews
The Role of Blood Tests in Kidney Infection Management
While kidney infections are primarily diagnosed through urine testing, blood tests play a crucial supporting role in assessing the severity of infection, monitoring the body's inflammatory response, and checking for complications. Blood testing helps healthcare providers understand how the infection is affecting your overall health and guide appropriate treatment decisions.
Why Laboratory Testing is Essential
Laboratory testing is fundamental for confirming the presence of bacteria causing the kidney infection and determining the most effective antibiotic treatment. The culture test identifies the specific bacteria responsible and tests their sensitivity to different antibiotics, ensuring targeted and effective therapy.
Understanding Your Results
A positive urine culture indicates the presence of bacteria in significant numbers, confirming a urinary tract infection that may have progressed to the kidneys. The culture also provides antibiotic sensitivity information, which is crucial for selecting the most effective treatment and preventing antibiotic resistance.
Important Considerations
Kidney infections require prompt medical attention and antibiotic treatment. While blood tests provide valuable supporting information about your body's response to infection, the primary diagnostic approach involves urine testing. The information here is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Always consult with a healthcare provider for diagnosis and treatment.
