Jaundice is a condition characterized by yellowing of the skin and whites of the eyes caused by excessive bilirubin in the blood. It occurs when the liver cannot properly process bilirubin, a yellow pigment produced during the breakdown of red blood cells, leading to its accumulation in body tissues. The Liver Function Profile is the most important test for diagnosing jaundice because it measures total bilirubin levels along with other liver enzymes.
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Jaundice is caused by excessive bilirubin accumulation in the blood, which occurs when the liver cannot process this yellow pigment efficiently. The most common causes include liver diseases such as hepatitis, cirrhosis, or fatty liver disease, bile duct obstructions from gallstones or tumors, and hemolytic conditions where red blood cells break down too rapidly. In newborns, jaundice often results from an immature liver that cannot yet process bilirubin effectively, while in adults, it typically signals an underlying liver disorder, infection, or blockage in the bile ducts that requires medical evaluation.
The Liver Function Profile is the most important test for jaundice because it measures total bilirubin levels along with liver enzymes like ALT, AST, alkaline phosphatase, and proteins such as albumin. This comprehensive panel identifies both the presence and severity of jaundice while revealing whether the underlying cause is related to liver cell damage, bile duct obstruction, or excessive red blood cell breakdown. Normal bilirubin levels range from 0.2 to 1.2 mg/dL, and jaundice becomes visible when levels exceed 2.5 mg/dL. For patients recovering from COVID-19, the Post COVID-19 Expanded Panel includes bilirubin testing along with other markers to monitor potential post-viral liver complications.
You should get tested if you notice yellowing of your skin, eyes, or the tissue under your tongue, especially when accompanied by dark urine, pale stools, itchy skin, or abdominal pain. Testing is also important if you have risk factors such as hepatitis exposure, heavy alcohol use, recent viral infections including COVID-19, or a family history of liver disease. Early testing helps identify the underlying cause before serious liver damage occurs, allowing for timely treatment and better outcomes.
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What this means
Your ALT level is slightly elevated above the optimal range, which may indicate mild liver inflammation or stress. This is commonly seen with fatty liver, alcohol use, certain medications, or metabolic conditions, and while not immediately alarming, it suggests your liver could benefit from some extra support.
Recommended actions
Reduce or eliminate alcohol consumption and limit processed foods
Incorporate regular exercise and work toward a healthy weight if needed
Increase intake of liver-supporting foods like leafy greens, beets, and cruciferous vegetables
Retest in 3-6 months to monitor improvement after lifestyle changes
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