Immunodeficiency disorders are conditions where the immune system is weakened or absent, making it difficult for the body to fight off infections, diseases, and cancer. They can be primary (genetic defects present from birth) or secondary (acquired through HIV, chemotherapy, malnutrition, or medications). The Immune Cell Function test is the most important test for diagnosis because it directly evaluates how well your immune cells are working to protect your body.
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Immunodeficiency disorders are caused by genetic defects present from birth (primary immunodeficiencies) or acquired conditions that damage the immune system (secondary immunodeficiencies). Primary causes include mutations in genes controlling immune cell development, such as those affecting B cells, T cells, or complement proteins. Secondary causes include HIV infection, chemotherapy, chronic diseases like diabetes, severe malnutrition, immunosuppressive medications after organ transplants, and certain cancers affecting bone marrow like leukemia and lymphoma.
The Immune Cell Function test is the most important test for immunodeficiency disorders because it directly measures how well your immune cells respond to threats and perform their protective functions. This comprehensive assessment detects impaired immune cell activity that characterizes these conditions. The Lymphocyte Subset Panel 4 (CD4:CD8 Ratio Profile) is also essential as it measures the balance between CD4 helper T cells and CD8 cytotoxic T cells, which becomes abnormal in many immunodeficiencies. Additional tests like Protein Electrophoresis evaluate immunoglobulin levels, and vaccine response tests (Rubella Immune Status, Tetanus Antitoxoid) assess whether your immune system maintains protective antibodies after vaccination.
You should get tested if you experience frequent infections (more than 4-6 ear infections, 2 serious sinus infections, or 2 pneumonias within a year), infections that are unusually severe or difficult to treat with standard antibiotics, recurrent deep skin or organ abscesses, persistent fungal infections in the mouth or skin after age one, or if you need intravenous antibiotics to clear infections. You should also consider testing if you have a family history of primary immunodeficiency, autoimmune disorders appearing alongside frequent infections, or failure to thrive and grow normally in children.
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What this means
Your immune cell function is below the optimal range, indicating your immune system is significantly suppressed. This is common in transplant patients on immunosuppressive medications, but at this level you may have an increased risk of infections. Your transplant team should review your medication dosage to find the right balance between preventing rejection and maintaining adequate immune defense.
Recommended actions
Contact your transplant team to discuss your results and potential medication adjustments
Practice strict infection prevention: frequent handwashing, avoid sick contacts, and stay current on vaccines your doctor approves
Maintain a nutrient-rich diet with adequate protein to support overall health
Retest as recommended by your transplant specialist, typically within 4-8 weeks after any medication changes
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