Understanding Lab Tests for Human T-Cell Lymphotropic Virus type II infection
Written by Private MD Labs Medical Writing Team • Last Updated: September 8, 2025
Human T-Cell Lymphotropic Virus type II (HTLV-II) is a retrovirus that infects T-cells, a type of white blood cell important for immune function. While most people with HTLV-II infection remain asymptomatic throughout their lives, the virus can occasionally be associated with rare blood disorders. Diagnosis requires specific blood testing to detect antibodies produced in response to the infection.
Recommended Test
Human T-Cell Lymphotropic Virus I, II (HTLV-I/HTLV-II) Antibodies, Preliminary Test W/ Confirmation
This comprehensive test detects antibodies against both HTLV-I and HTLV-II viruses in the blood. The presence of HTLV-II antibodies confirms infection with this retrovirus. The test includes preliminary screening followed by confirmatory testing to ensure accuracy. While most HTLV-II infections remain asymptomatic, some individuals may develop rare conditions such as Hairy Cell Leukemia, making proper diagnosis important for monitoring and management.
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Diagnosing HTLV-II Infection
Since HTLV-II infection is often asymptomatic, many people may not know they are infected. Testing is typically recommended for individuals with risk factors such as intravenous drug use, blood transfusion recipients (particularly before 1992), or those with unexplained blood disorders. A blood test that detects specific antibodies is the primary method for diagnosis.
Understanding Your Results
A positive result indicates the presence of HTLV-II antibodies and confirms infection. Even if you feel healthy, it's important to discuss results with a healthcare provider who can provide guidance on monitoring and any necessary precautions to prevent transmission to others.
Important Considerations
The information here is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Always consult with a healthcare provider for diagnosis and treatment.
