Understanding Lab Tests for HIV-2 infection
Written by Private MD Labs Medical Writing Team • Last Updated: September 8, 2025
HIV-2 is a type of human immunodeficiency virus that is less common than HIV-1 but can also cause acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). While HIV-2 is primarily found in West Africa, it can occur worldwide. Accurate diagnosis requires specific blood testing that can detect both the virus and the body's immune response to it.
Recommended Test
HIV 1/2 Antigen and Antibodies, Fourth Generation
This advanced fourth generation test can detect both HIV-1 and HIV-2 infections by identifying viral antigens (proteins from the virus itself) and antibodies (immune system response to the virus). While HIV-2 is less common than HIV-1, a positive result on this test indicates the presence of HIV-2 antigens or antibodies, confirming an HIV-2 infection and enabling appropriate medical management.
2907 reviews
Diagnosing HIV-2 Infection
HIV-2 infection often progresses more slowly than HIV-1 and may have milder symptoms or remain asymptomatic for longer periods. Because early symptoms can be similar to other conditions or may not be present at all, laboratory testing is essential for definitive diagnosis. Early detection allows for proper monitoring and treatment planning.
Understanding Fourth Generation Testing
Fourth generation HIV tests are considered the gold standard for HIV diagnosis because they can detect infection earlier than previous generations of tests. They simultaneously test for HIV antigens, which appear shortly after infection, and HIV antibodies, which develop as the immune system responds to the virus. This dual approach increases accuracy and reduces the window period between infection and detection.
Important Considerations
The information here is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Always consult with a healthcare provider for diagnosis, treatment, and ongoing management of HIV-2 infection.
