Understanding Lab Tests for Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 (HSV-1) Infection
Written by Private MD Labs Medical Writing Team • Last Updated: September 8, 2025
Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 (HSV-1) is a common viral infection that primarily affects the mouth and lips, causing cold sores or fever blisters. Many people with HSV-1 may be asymptomatic or have mild symptoms, making laboratory testing essential for accurate diagnosis and understanding infection status.
Recommended Test
Herpes Simplex Virus 1 and 2 (IgG), Type Specific Antibodies (HerpeSelect®)
This blood test detects IgG antibodies specific to HSV-1, which develop in response to infection. The presence of these antibodies indicates either a current or past infection with Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1. This type-specific test can distinguish between HSV-1 and HSV-2, providing accurate diagnosis for HSV-1 infections that are typically associated with oral herpes and cold sores.
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Diagnosing HSV-1 Infection
HSV-1 infections can sometimes be difficult to identify based on symptoms alone, as they may be mild or absent. Blood testing for specific antibodies provides a reliable method to determine if someone has been infected with HSV-1, whether they currently have symptoms or not.
Understanding Your Results
A positive result for HSV-1 IgG antibodies indicates exposure to the virus and the development of immunity. This could represent either a current infection or a past infection that remains dormant in the body. HSV-1 typically establishes a lifelong infection, so positive antibodies usually persist indefinitely.
Important Considerations
The information here is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Always consult with a healthcare provider for diagnosis, treatment, and interpretation of test results.
