Understanding Lab Tests for Hemolytic Transfusion Reaction (HTR)
Written by Private MD Labs Medical Writing Team • Last Updated: September 8, 2025
A Hemolytic Transfusion Reaction (HTR) is a serious and potentially life-threatening complication that occurs when the recipient's immune system attacks transfused red blood cells. This happens because the immune system recognizes the donor blood cells as foreign substances and produces antibodies to destroy them.
Recommended Test
Antibody Screen, RBC with Reflex to Identification, Titer, and Antigen Typing
This comprehensive test is essential for detecting antibodies in the blood that could attack transfused red blood cells, making it a critical tool for preventing hemolytic transfusion reactions. The test screens for the presence of these dangerous antibodies and, if found, automatically proceeds to identify the specific antibodies, measure their concentration (titer), and determine antigen compatibility to ensure safe blood transfusions.
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The Role of Blood Testing in HTR Prevention and Diagnosis
While HTR is primarily diagnosed through clinical symptoms and immediate post-transfusion monitoring, blood testing plays a crucial role in both preventing these reactions and confirming their occurrence. Antibody screening tests are fundamental for identifying patients at risk and ensuring safe blood transfusions.
When This Testing is Recommended
Antibody screening is typically performed before any blood transfusion, especially for patients with a history of previous transfusions, pregnancy, or suspected transfusion reactions. It may also be used to investigate suspected HTR cases and guide future transfusion safety protocols.
Important Considerations
The information here is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Always consult with a healthcare provider for diagnosis and treatment. Hemolytic transfusion reactions require immediate medical attention and emergency care.
