Understanding Lab Tests for Hemolytic Disease of the Newborn
Written by Private MD Labs Medical Writing Team • Last Updated: September 8, 2025
Hemolytic disease of the newborn (HDN) is a condition that occurs when there is blood type incompatibility between a mother and her baby. This incompatibility can lead to the mother's immune system producing antibodies that attack the baby's red blood cells, potentially causing anemia and other serious complications.
Recommended Test
Antibody Screen, RBC with Reflex to Identification, Titer, and Antigen Typing
This comprehensive test screens for antibodies in the mother's blood that could potentially attack the baby's red blood cells due to blood type incompatibility. A positive antibody screen indicates the presence of antibodies that may cause hemolytic disease of the newborn, allowing healthcare providers to monitor the pregnancy closely and plan appropriate care to protect both mother and baby.
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How Blood Tests Help Detect Risk
While hemolytic disease of the newborn is ultimately diagnosed through clinical examination of the baby after birth, blood testing during pregnancy is fundamental for identifying mothers who may have antibodies that could affect their baby. Early detection allows healthcare providers to monitor the pregnancy more closely and plan appropriate interventions.
Understanding the Testing Process
The antibody screening test is typically performed during routine prenatal care. If antibodies are detected, additional testing may include identification of the specific antibody type, measurement of antibody levels (titer), and antigen typing to better assess the risk to the baby and guide clinical management throughout the pregnancy.
Important Considerations
The information here is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Always consult with a healthcare provider for diagnosis and treatment. Early detection through proper testing allows for better pregnancy management and improved outcomes for both mother and baby.
