Understanding Lab Tests for H. Pylori Infection
Written by Private MD Labs Medical Writing Team • Last Updated: September 8, 2025
Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is a spiral-shaped bacteria that infects the stomach lining and is a leading cause of peptic ulcers and chronic gastritis. While symptoms like stomach pain, bloating, and nausea may suggest an infection, accurate diagnosis requires specific laboratory testing to detect the presence of this bacteria.
Recommended Test
H. Pylori Antigen Stool
This test directly detects H. pylori antigens (bacterial proteins) in a stool sample, providing clear evidence of a current, active infection. The presence of H. pylori antigen in stool indicates that the bacteria is currently living in the stomach and causing inflammation that can lead to ulcers. This non-invasive test is highly accurate and is considered a primary diagnostic method for confirming H. pylori infection.
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Why Testing for H. Pylori is Important
H. pylori infections are common but often go undiagnosed because symptoms can be mild or mistaken for other digestive issues. Left untreated, the bacteria can cause serious complications including peptic ulcers, chronic gastritis, and in rare cases, stomach cancer. Laboratory testing provides definitive confirmation of infection, enabling healthcare providers to prescribe appropriate antibiotic treatment.
Understanding Your Test Results
A positive result indicates an active H. pylori infection that requires treatment, typically involving a combination of antibiotics and acid-reducing medications. A negative result suggests no current infection, though your healthcare provider may recommend retesting if symptoms persist or if you have risk factors for infection.
Important Considerations
The information provided here is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Always consult with a qualified healthcare provider regarding any questions about your health condition and appropriate testing options.
