Understanding Lab Tests for Epididymitis
Written by Private MD Labs Medical Writing Team • Last Updated: September 8, 2025
Epididymitis is an inflammation of the epididymis, the coiled tube at the back of the testicle that stores and carries sperm. This condition is most commonly caused by bacterial infections, particularly sexually transmitted infections (STIs), and requires specific laboratory testing to identify the underlying cause for appropriate treatment.
Top Recommended Test
Chlamydia and Gonorrhea Test
This comprehensive test screens for two of the most common bacterial causes of epididymitis in sexually active men. Both chlamydia and gonorrhea can ascend through the urogenital tract and cause inflammation of the epididymis. Early detection and treatment of these infections prevents progression to chronic epididymitis and potential fertility complications.
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Why Lab Testing is Essential for Epididymitis
While epididymitis is diagnosed based on symptoms like scrotal pain, swelling, and tenderness, laboratory testing is crucial to identify the specific infectious organism causing the inflammation. This ensures that the most effective antibiotic or antimicrobial treatment can be prescribed, preventing complications and chronic infection.
Common Causes and Diagnostic Approach
The majority of epididymitis cases in sexually active men are caused by sexually transmitted infections, particularly chlamydia and gonorrhea. In some cases, parasitic infections like Trichomonas can also be responsible. Accurate identification of the causative organism is essential for successful treatment.
Other Relevant Tests
Trichomonas vaginalis RNA, Qualitative, TMA (Male)
This sensitive molecular test detects Trichomonas vaginalis, a parasitic infection that can cause epididymitis in men. While less common than bacterial causes, trichomonas can lead to significant scrotal pain and swelling. This test uses advanced RNA detection technology to accurately identify the parasite, ensuring appropriate antiprotozoal treatment.
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Treatment and Follow-up
Once the causative organism is identified through laboratory testing, targeted antibiotic or antimicrobial therapy can be initiated. It's important for sexual partners to be tested and treated as well to prevent reinfection. Follow-up testing may be recommended to ensure treatment effectiveness.
Important Considerations
The information here is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Always consult with a healthcare provider for diagnosis and treatment. Epididymitis requires prompt medical attention to prevent complications such as chronic pain or fertility issues.
