Understanding Lab Tests for Drug Hypersensitivity Syndrome
Written by Private MD Labs Medical Writing Team • Last Updated: September 8, 2025
Drug Hypersensitivity Syndrome (DHS) is a severe, potentially life-threatening reaction to certain medications that involves multiple organ systems. While the syndrome itself is diagnosed based on clinical symptoms and medication history, genetic testing plays a crucial role in identifying individuals at high risk before they are exposed to triggering medications.
Recommended Test
HLA-A, B, C, DRB1 and DQ High Resolution
This comprehensive genetic test identifies specific HLA variants, including HLA-B*5701, which is strongly associated with severe hypersensitivity reactions to certain medications such as abacavir (used in HIV treatment). Testing for this biomarker before medication initiation can prevent potentially fatal drug reactions by identifying high-risk individuals who should avoid specific drugs.
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The Role of Genetic Testing in Drug Safety
Certain genetic markers, particularly specific HLA (Human Leukocyte Antigen) variants, are strongly associated with increased risk of severe drug reactions. Testing for these genetic markers before starting certain medications can prevent dangerous hypersensitivity reactions and guide safer treatment choices.
Understanding Pharmacogenetic Testing
Pharmacogenetic testing examines how genetic variations affect drug metabolism and response. For Drug Hypersensitivity Syndrome, this testing is particularly valuable because it can be performed before any medication exposure, allowing healthcare providers to select safer alternatives for genetically susceptible individuals.
Important Considerations
The information here is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Always consult with a healthcare provider for diagnosis and treatment. Genetic testing should be discussed with your healthcare provider before starting medications known to cause hypersensitivity reactions.
