Understanding Lab Tests for Drug Hypersensitivity Reactions
Written by Private MD Labs Medical Writing Team • Last Updated: September 8, 2025
Drug hypersensitivity reactions are adverse immune responses to medications that can range from mild skin rashes to life-threatening conditions like Stevens-Johnson syndrome. While these reactions are typically diagnosed clinically based on symptoms and medication history, genetic testing plays a crucial role in identifying individuals at risk before medication administration.
Recommended Test
HLA A,B,C Low Resolution
This genetic test identifies specific HLA types that predispose individuals to severe drug hypersensitivity reactions. For example, the HLA-B*5701 variant is strongly associated with life-threatening hypersensitivity reactions to abacavir, an HIV medication. Testing before starting certain high-risk medications allows healthcare providers to select safer alternatives and prevent potentially fatal reactions.
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The Role of Genetic Testing in Drug Safety
Certain genetic markers, particularly Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) types, can significantly increase the risk of severe drug hypersensitivity reactions. Testing for these genetic variants is fundamental for preventing dangerous adverse reactions by identifying at-risk individuals before they receive specific medications.
Prevention Through Pharmacogenetic Testing
HLA testing represents a proactive approach to medication safety. By identifying genetic risk factors before drug exposure, healthcare providers can avoid prescribing medications that could trigger severe hypersensitivity reactions, ultimately saving lives and preventing serious complications.
Important Considerations
The information here is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Always consult with a healthcare provider for diagnosis and treatment decisions regarding medication safety and genetic testing.
