Understanding Lab Tests for CMV Retinitis
Written by Private MD Labs Medical Writing Team • Last Updated: September 8, 2025
CMV retinitis is a serious eye infection caused by cytomegalovirus (CMV) that primarily affects individuals with compromised immune systems, such as those with HIV/AIDS or organ transplant recipients. While the retinal damage is diagnosed through ophthalmologic examination, blood tests are essential for detecting and monitoring the underlying CMV infection that causes this condition.
Top Recommended Test
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) Antibodies, IgG
This test detects IgG antibodies against CMV, which can indicate a current or past infection with the virus. In immunocompromised individuals, the presence of CMV IgG antibodies is important for assessing the risk of developing serious complications like retinitis, as the virus can reactivate when the immune system is weakened.
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The Role of Blood Testing in CMV Retinitis
Blood tests measuring CMV antibodies are fundamental for identifying current or past CMV infections that can lead to retinitis in susceptible individuals. These tests help healthcare providers assess infection status, determine treatment needs, and monitor the body's immune response to the virus.
Other Relevant Tests
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) Antibodies, IgM, Quantitative
This test measures the quantity of IgM antibodies against CMV, which typically appear during acute or recent infections. High levels of CMV IgM antibodies may indicate an active infection that could lead to retinitis, particularly in individuals with compromised immune systems who are at greater risk for severe CMV complications.
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Understanding Your Results
CMV antibody testing helps identify whether you have been exposed to the virus and whether an active infection might be present. For immunocompromised patients, these results are crucial for preventive monitoring and early intervention to prevent serious complications like retinitis.
Important Considerations
The information here is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Always consult with a healthcare provider for diagnosis and treatment, especially if you are immunocompromised and at risk for CMV complications.
