Understanding Lab Tests for CMV Pneumonia
Written by Private MD Labs Medical Writing Team • Last Updated: September 8, 2025
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) pneumonia is a serious lung infection caused by the cytomegalovirus, particularly affecting individuals with compromised immune systems such as organ transplant recipients, HIV/AIDS patients, or those undergoing immunosuppressive therapy. Accurate diagnosis requires specific blood tests to detect CMV antibodies.
Top Recommended Test
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) Antibodies, IgM, Quantitative
This test detects IgM antibodies, which typically indicate an acute or recent CMV infection. In immunocompromised individuals such as HIV/AIDS patients or organ transplant recipients, high levels of CMV IgM antibodies could signal an acute CMV infection that may lead to CMV pneumonia.
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Diagnosing CMV Pneumonia
CMV pneumonia symptoms can be similar to other types of pneumonia, making laboratory testing essential for proper diagnosis. Blood tests that measure specific antibodies against the cytomegalovirus help healthcare providers confirm whether CMV is the underlying cause of pneumonia symptoms.
Other Relevant Tests
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) Antibodies, IgG
This test measures IgG antibodies against CMV, which can indicate past or chronic infection. High levels of CMV IgG antibodies may suggest an active infection with the virus, particularly important in diagnosing CMV pneumonia in individuals with weakened immune systems.
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Understanding the Test Results
The combination of IgG and IgM antibody testing provides a comprehensive picture of CMV infection status. While IgG antibodies indicate exposure and potential chronic infection, IgM antibodies suggest recent or active infection. In immunocompromised patients, these tests are particularly valuable for early detection and prompt treatment initiation.
Important Considerations
The information here is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Always consult with a healthcare provider for diagnosis and treatment. CMV pneumonia requires immediate medical attention, especially in immunocompromised individuals.
