Understanding Lab Tests for Chronic HIV Infection
Written by Private MD Labs Medical Writing Team • Last Updated: September 8, 2025
Chronic HIV infection refers to the ongoing presence of the Human Immunodeficiency Virus in the body after the initial acute infection phase. This stage can last for many years and requires regular monitoring through blood testing to assess viral status and immune system health.
Recommended Test
HIV 1/2 Antigen and Antibodies, Fourth Generation
This fourth-generation test is highly sensitive and can detect both HIV antigens and antibodies in the blood. When HIV antibodies are detected, it indicates an ongoing or chronic infection, as these antibodies typically remain present in the body for life once HIV infection has occurred. This test can identify both HIV-1 and HIV-2 strains.
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Diagnosing Chronic HIV Infection
Blood testing is the primary method for confirming chronic HIV infection. Modern HIV tests are highly accurate and can detect both HIV antigens and antibodies that the body produces in response to the virus. These tests are essential for establishing an HIV diagnosis and monitoring the progression of the infection.
Understanding Test Results
A positive result on the HIV 1/2 Antigen and Antibodies test indicates the presence of HIV infection. In chronic HIV infection, antibodies are almost always detectable, making this test reliable for confirming ongoing infection status. Regular testing is important for monitoring the condition and ensuring appropriate medical care.
Important Considerations
The information here is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Always consult with a healthcare provider for diagnosis, treatment, and ongoing management of HIV infection.
