Understanding Lab Tests for Anaphylaxis
Written by Private MD Labs Medical Writing Team • Last Updated: September 8, 2025
Anaphylaxis is a severe, life-threatening allergic reaction that occurs within minutes of exposure to an allergen. While anaphylaxis is diagnosed clinically based on symptoms and requires immediate emergency treatment, blood testing plays a crucial supporting role in identifying specific allergen triggers and monitoring the body's allergic response.
Top Recommended Test
IgE
This test measures total immunoglobulin E antibodies, which are directly involved in allergic reactions. IgE antibodies trigger the release of chemicals that cause the severe symptoms seen in anaphylaxis, making this test essential for assessing overall allergic response potential.
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Why Blood Testing is Important for Anaphylaxis
Although there is no single blood test to diagnose anaphylaxis during an emergency, comprehensive allergy testing is fundamental for preventing future episodes. These tests help identify specific allergens that could trigger anaphylactic reactions, measure the body's allergic response through IgE antibodies, and monitor histamine levels during or after a reaction.
Other Relevant Tests
Histamine, Plasma
This test measures histamine levels in the blood, which are characteristically elevated during anaphylaxis. Histamine is one of the primary chemicals released during severe allergic reactions and monitoring its levels can help confirm anaphylactic episodes and assess their severity.
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Allergy-Shellfish Panel
Shellfish is one of the most common food allergens that can trigger anaphylaxis. This comprehensive panel tests for specific IgE antibodies to various shellfish, helping identify if shellfish exposure poses a risk for severe allergic reactions.
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Allergen Specific IgG Latex (H. braziliensis)
Latex allergy can cause severe anaphylactic reactions, particularly in healthcare settings. High levels of latex-specific IgE antibodies may indicate significant risk for anaphylaxis upon latex exposure.
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Suxamethonium (succinylcholine) (rc202) IgE
This test identifies allergic reactions to suxamethonium, a muscle relaxant used during anesthesia. High levels of specific IgE antibodies may indicate risk of anaphylaxis during surgical procedures where this medication is used.
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Additional Allergen-Specific Testing
Depending on suspected triggers, additional specific IgE tests may be recommended for various allergens including foods (nuts, dairy, fruits), environmental allergens (pollens, molds), and other substances. These tests help create a comprehensive allergen avoidance plan to prevent future anaphylactic episodes.
Important Considerations
Anaphylaxis is a medical emergency requiring immediate treatment with epinephrine. The information here is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Always consult with a healthcare provider for proper diagnosis, treatment, and allergen management strategies.
