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Alzheimer's disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder that causes memory loss, cognitive decline, and behavioral changes. It is caused by the accumulation of amyloid plaques and tau tangles in the brain, leading to neuronal death and brain tissue loss. The ApoE Genotype test is the most important genetic test for assessing Alzheimer's risk, as carrying the Δ4 allele significantly increases disease likelihood and can lower the age of onset.
Alzheimer's disease is caused by the abnormal accumulation of two proteins in the brain: amyloid-beta plaques and tau tangles. These protein deposits disrupt communication between brain cells and trigger inflammation, eventually leading to neuronal death and brain tissue shrinkage. While the exact trigger for these protein buildups remains under investigation, genetic factors like the ApoE Δ4 allele, age, family history, and lifestyle factors all contribute to disease development.
The ApoE Genotype test is the most important genetic test for assessing Alzheimer's disease risk because it identifies whether you carry the Δ4 allele, which significantly increases your likelihood of developing the condition and can lower the age of onset. Additionally, the Homocysteine test is essential as elevated levels double the risk of Alzheimer's and indicate potential neuronal damage. Supporting tests include Interleukin-1 Beta to measure brain inflammation, Lp-PLA2 Activity to assess oxidative stress, and Vitamin B1 levels to help manage homocysteine. While no single blood test definitively diagnoses Alzheimer's, this combination provides valuable risk assessment and identifies modifiable factors.
You should get tested if you have a family history of Alzheimer's or dementia, are experiencing progressive memory problems that interfere with daily life, notice increasing confusion about time or place, or have difficulty completing familiar tasks. Testing is particularly important if you are over 65 with concerning cognitive symptoms, have cardiovascular risk factors like high blood pressure or diabetes, or want to establish a baseline for future comparison. Early risk assessment through genetic and biomarker testing allows you to implement preventive lifestyle changes and work with your doctor on proactive brain health strategies.
What this means
Your APOE genotype is 3/4, meaning you have one copy of the APOE4 variant. This increases your risk for Alzheimer's disease and may affect how your body processes cholesterol. While this is a risk factor rather than a certainty, it's valuable information that allows you to take proactive steps to protect your brain and heart health.
Recommended actions
Adopt a Mediterranean-style diet rich in fish, olive oil, vegetables, and whole grains
Engage in regular aerobic exercise at least 150 minutes per week
Monitor and manage cholesterol, blood pressure, and blood sugar levels closely
Stay mentally and socially active through learning, hobbies, and social engagement
Prioritize quality sleep and stress management techniques
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