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Alcohol abuse is a behavioral health condition characterized by chronic, excessive alcohol consumption that causes physical and psychological harm. It is caused by prolonged alcohol intake that damages the liver, leading to elevated liver enzymes and organ dysfunction. The Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST/SGOT) test is the most important test for detecting alcohol-related liver damage.
Alcohol abuse is caused by a combination of genetic predisposition, environmental factors, and repeated excessive alcohol consumption that leads to physical dependence and behavioral changes. The condition develops when chronic drinking patterns damage brain chemistry, particularly affecting dopamine and serotonin pathways that control reward and pleasure responses. Risk factors include family history of alcoholism, early age of first drink, mental health disorders like depression or anxiety, high-stress environments, and social or cultural influences that normalize heavy drinking.
The Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST/SGOT) test is the most important blood test for detecting alcohol-related organ damage because it measures liver enzyme levels that become elevated with chronic alcohol consumption. When alcohol damages liver cells, AST is released into the bloodstream, making this test essential for identifying early liver injury before serious complications develop. While no single blood test diagnoses the behavioral condition of alcohol abuse itself, the AST test is crucial for monitoring the physical impact of chronic drinking on your liver and guiding treatment decisions to prevent irreversible damage like cirrhosis or liver failure.
You should get tested if you drink heavily on a regular basis, have been told by family or friends that your drinking is a concern, experience withdrawal symptoms like shaking or sweating when you stop drinking, or notice symptoms of liver problems such as fatigue, abdominal pain, or yellowing of the skin. Testing is also important if you have a family history of alcoholism, are experiencing alcohol-related health issues, or are beginning a recovery program and need baseline liver function measurements. Early detection of liver damage through blood testing can motivate lifestyle changes and prevent serious complications.
What this means
Your AST levels are slightly elevated above the normal range. While this is a mild elevation, it may indicate some stress or minor damage to your liver, heart, or muscle tissues that warrants attention and lifestyle modifications.
Recommended actions
Limit or avoid alcohol consumption completely for several weeks
Maintain a healthy weight through balanced diet rich in vegetables, fruits, and lean proteins
Avoid unnecessary medications or supplements that can stress the liver
Retest in 4-6 weeks to monitor trends and ensure levels are improving
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