Understanding Lab Tests for Absence of immunity to Chickenpox
Written by Private MD Labs Medical Writing Team • Last Updated: September 8, 2025
Chickenpox immunity develops either through natural infection with the varicella-zoster virus (VZV) or through vaccination. Some individuals may lack this immunity, leaving them susceptible to infection. A specific blood test can determine your current immunity status by measuring antibodies your immune system produces in response to the virus.
Recommended Test
Varicella-Zoster Virus (VZV) Antibodies, IgG (Chickenpox)
This blood test directly measures IgG antibodies against the varicella-zoster virus. Low or undetectable antibody levels indicate absence of immunity to chickenpox, meaning the person has neither been naturally infected nor successfully vaccinated. This test provides definitive evidence of susceptibility and helps determine if vaccination is needed for protection.
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Why Test for Chickenpox Immunity?
Knowing your immunity status is particularly important for adults who cannot recall having chickenpox as children, healthcare workers, teachers, pregnant women planning pregnancy, and immunocompromised individuals. Testing provides definitive evidence of protection and helps guide vaccination decisions.
How Blood Testing Determines Immunity Status
When your body encounters the varicella-zoster virus through infection or vaccination, it produces specific antibodies called IgG antibodies. These antibodies remain in your blood long-term and provide ongoing protection. A blood test can measure these antibody levels to determine if you have immunity.
Understanding Your Results
Normal or high antibody levels typically indicate immunity and protection against chickenpox. Low or undetectable levels suggest absence of immunity, meaning you may be susceptible to infection. Your healthcare provider can interpret results and recommend appropriate next steps, which may include vaccination.
Important Considerations
The information here is for educational purposes only and is not a substitute for professional medical advice. Always consult with a healthcare provider for diagnosis, treatment, and vaccination decisions.
